This group includes species that are potentially harmful to humans and are distributed throughout the world but mainly in tropical waters.

Signs & Symptoms of Stings (Jellyfish, Corals, Hydroids, Anemones):
• Stinging sensation, acute local pain
• Red rash, raised weals
• Lymph gland pain
• Severe abdominal, muscle and back pain
• Shock
• Breathing difficulty, breathing stops
• Unresponsiveness, cardiac arrest (box-type jellyfish)

First Aid Treatment for Stings (Jellyfish, Corals, Hydroids, Anemones):
(within the tropics)
• Promptly pour vinegar over the sting area for up to 30 seconds
• If not vinegar is available, pick off any adherent tentacles and wash the wound with sea water (do not use fresh water)

(for all jellyfish stings)
• Check consciousness, airway & breathing and commence CPR if necessary
• Seek urgent medical help if pain is severe or victim has difficulty breathing
• Do not allow rubbing of the sting
• Apply cold packs/wrapped ice for pain relief
• Immersing the sting area in hot water (45 C) may be more effective than cooling for Pacific Blue Bottle stings but do not use for box jellyfish stings
• Pick off any adherent tentacles and wash hands afterwards
• Wash wound with sea water

Special Considerations for Coral Cuts:
Coral cuts can cause serious secondary infections if early wound cleaning is not done. Thoroughly clean the wound using fresh water (not sea water) as soon as possible. Use an antiseptic lotion with a soft brush and remove all foreign material. If an antibiotic is not available, apply a local antibiotic powder or ointment, or provide iodine paint or skin cleanser. Follow up medical care is recommended for all coral cuts.